What is a Strawberry: a Sweet and Nutritious Fruit
Strawberry, perennial herbs, 10-40 cm tall. Stems lower than leaves or subequal, densely spreading yellow pilose. Leaflets short petiolate, thickly obovate or rhomboid, dark green, almost glabrous above, pale-green below, sparsely hairy, densely along veins; Petiole densely spreading yellow pilose. Cymes, inflorescence masked by a short petiolate leaflet; Flowers bisexual; Sepals ovate, slightly longer than paralegals; Petals white, suborbicular, or obovate elliptic. Aggregate fruit large, persistent sepals erect, clingy to fruit; Achene apical ovate, smooth. Flowering April – May, fruiting June – July.
Native to South America, is widely cultivated around. Strawberry has high nutritional value, contains a variety of nutrients, and has health care effects.
Morphological Characteristics
Cauline Leaf
Herbs perennial, 10-40 cm tall. Stems lower than leaves or subequal, densely spreading yellow pilose. Leaves trifid, leaflets short petiolate, thick, obovate or rhomboid, sparsely rounded, 3-7 cm long and 2-6 cm wide, apex obtuse, base broadly cuneate, lateral leaflets oblique at base, margin notched serrate, acute, dark green above, almost glabrous below the pale green, sparsely hairy, densely along veins; Petiole 2-10 cm long, densely spreading yellow pilose.
Flowers
Strawberry flowers are cymes, there are 5-15 flowers, inflorescence under the mask of short petiolate leaflets; Flowers bisexual, 1.5-2 cm in diam. Sepals ovate, slightly longer than an accessory, accessory elliptic-lanceolate, entire, sparsely divided into 2-lobed, enlarged at fruit; Petals white, suborbicular or obovate elliptic, base with an inconspicuous claw; Stamens 20, unequal in length; Numerous pistils.
Fruit
Strawberry fruit is a large aggregate fruit, up to 3 cm in diameter, bright red, persistent sepals erect, clingy to the fruit; Achene apical ovate, smooth. Fruiting from June to July.
Growth Habit
Strawberry likes a warm and cool climate. The root growth temperature of strawberry is 5-30℃, 15-22℃, stem and leaf growth temperature is 20-30℃, bud freezing damage occurs at -15-10℃, the temperature should be maintained at 5-15℃ in flower bud differentiation stage, and 4-40℃ in flowering and fruiting stage. When strawberries are in summer, shading measures should be taken when the temperature is higher than 30℃ and sunshine is strong.
Strawberry is a light-loving plant, but it has strong shade tolerance. When the light intensity, the plant is short and strong, the fruit is small, the color is dark, the quality is good. Medium-light, large fruit, light color, low sugar content, long harvest time; Too little light is bad for strawberry growth.
Strawberry root distribution is shallow, transpiration is large, strict water requirements, but different growth stages. Strawberries have slightly different water requirements. In early spring and bloom, the soil moisture capacity of grass per requirement is less than 70%.
After harvesting, soil moisture should not be less than 70% for stolon extraction and adventitious roots. Autumn is the time when plants accumulate nutrients and flower buds form, and soil moisture should not be less than 60%. Strawberries are not resistant to waterlogging, so soil permeability should be good and water drainage should be paid attention to in the rainy season.
Strawberry is suitable to grow in fertile, loose neutral or slightly acidic loam, too sticky heavy soil is not suitable for cultivation, sand soil more manure, frequent irrigation, strawberry can also be planted.
The Main Value
Nutrition
Strawberry nutrition is rich, is known as the “fruit empress”, contains rich vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin PP, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, carotene, tannic acid, aspartic acid, copper, strawberry amine, pectin, cellulose, folic acid, iron, calcium, ellagic acid and anthocyanins, nutrients, especially contains vitamin C, Its content is 7-10 times higher than that of apples and grapes. And contain malic acid, citric acid, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, as well as carotene, calcium, phosphorus, iron content than apples, pears, grapes 3 to 4 times higher.
Care
Protect eyesight. Strawberry is rich in carotene and vitamin A, which can relieve night blindness, maintain the health of epithelial tissue, nourish the liver and promote growth and development.
Help digestion and prevent constipation. Strawberry is rich in dietary fiber, which can promote the peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract, promote the digestion of food.
