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How to Grow and Care for a Strawberry Successfully?

How to Grow and Care for a Strawberry Successfully?

Strawberries are one of the easiest fruits to grow and perfect for beginners! Plus, they’re easy to grow in almost every climate and soil in the U.S. and Canada as long as you plant them in a sunny spot. Read on if you want to grow your delicious strawberries.

About Strawberry

If you want more information about strawberries, please read《 What is a Strawberry?》

Strawberry Cultivation

Seed Propagation

Seed propagation is mainly used for long-distance introduction or cultivation of strawberry seedlings to breed new varieties, and can also be used for garden greening and fresh food planting. 

During fruit harvesting in May and June, well-developed and fully mature fruits were selected for seed harvesting. Peel the fruit put it in water, wash off the slurry, and remove it to dry; Or the peel can be dried directly, then knead, peel, and seeds can be separated.

Sowing seedlings in the next spring, but also in the collection of seeds in July – August. 

Before sowing, prepare a wide earthen clay basin, fill with fine nutrient soil, press flat, the seeds soaked in 8-12 hours in advance, to be expanded after sowing on the surface of the soil, and then sieve evenly on the thickness of 0.2 cm or so fine sand covered. 

To make the soil both contain enough water, and can maintain loose, to facilitate the seeds to take root and germinate, can be planted after the mud basin in the shallow pool, after the water slowly seeps out of the soil in the basin, and then covered with plastic film, about 10 days can sprout.

After emergence, the seedlings should be thinned properly, and when the seedlings grow 3-4 true leaves, they should be transplanted with soil in a small pot. 

After getting used to it for some time, bring soil and transplant it to a breeding bed.

Ramet Propagation

Ramet propagation is divided into two kinds, one is rhizome ramet, the other is new stem ramet.

Ramet Propagation

After the fruit is harvested, the management of the mother plant should be strengthened in time, and fertilization, watering, weeding, and soil loosening should be carried out in time to promote the new stem axillary bud to send out a new stem branch. 

When some new leaves are extracted from the aboveground part of the mother plant and new roots grow from the underground root system, dig out the old roots, cut off the black adventitious roots and aging rhizomes at the lower part, and separate the new rhizomes one by one.

These rhizomes have 5-8 strong leaves on them and 4-5 vigorous and beige adventitious roots at the lower part. Isolated rhizomes can be directly planted to the production garden, after planting to timely watering, strengthen strawberry planting management, promote growth, the second year can be normal fruit.

New Stem Ramet

In addition to the root-like stem division method, new stem seedlings of the mother plant can also be cultivated to bear fruit. 

The method is the first-year fruit plants, after the fruit harvest, with soil dug up, replanted in a smooth border. 

Furrow width 70 cm, can be planted 2 rows, row spacing 30 cm, each 50 cm dug a hole, each hole planted two seedlings. 

After a month, the mother plant will have two or three stolons. When each plant has two or three stolons, the tips should be removed to make the new stem thicker. Stolon removal is repeated. 

The 2-year old seedlings planted in this way can be divided into at least 4-6 new stems in each hole. Inflorescences on new stolons, combined with inflorescences on stolons around new stolons, resulted in one-third more inflorescences on new stolons than on stolons alone, resulting in significantly higher yields and less land and labor. 

After the fruit is harvested, the three-year-old strawberry seedlings can be removed, and the two-year ones with one-year fruits can still be used.

Strawberry Care

Soil

Strawberry land should choose slightly higher terrain, flat ground, convenient drainage and irrigation, good light, rich organic matter, strong water retention, good ventilation, PH value is a weak acid or neutral fertile land.

Engraftment

The quality of transplanting has a great influence on the growth and management of strawberries, so it is necessary to pay attention to transplanting.

1. Strawberry should pay attention to directional transplanting when planting, the bow of the seedlings to the ditch side, so that the inflorescence born in the same direction, the number of planting for a hole one plant, planting depth above the heart is not buried, not dew root is appropriate.

2. Reasonable density planting: the planting density of strawberry has a great relationship with the planting level, weak seedlings, late planting, lack of fertilizer field should be dense, on the contrary, strong seedlings, early planting, sufficient fertilizer and adopt plastic film covering technology should be sparse planting,  plant row spacing 50 cm ×20 cm is appropriate.

Watering

After planting to pour a permeable, planted in a week after the general early, late each pouring water, later to make the soil often maintain wet state, for survival.

Fertilization

Strawberry needs more fertilizer from planting to flowering and fruiting, besides should apply sufficient base fertilizer, timely complement fertilizer even can be in fruit puffing period and harvesting beginning period acre applies strawberry special fertilizer or phosphoric acid 2 ammonia 10 kilograms.

Furrow application in the form of 200 times liquid fertilizer combined with watering has a better effect. Spraying 0.1-0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate only 2-3 times in the field with good growth also has a certain yield increase effect, not spraying in principle at flowering stage.

The principle of fertilization in the fruiting field is suitable for N weight P and K, and a reasonable proportion relationship must be maintained to obtain a higher yield and maximum benefit.

Cover

Plastic film mulching can significantly increase fruit yield, increase fruit quality and commercial fruit rate. Generally in the middle and late march to begin to cover the membrane. Be sure to remove dead and old leaves from the plant before covering.

Harvest

The harvesting period is a busy season for strawberry farmers, in addition to doing a good job of harvesting and listing.

Other

Other field management activities need to be carried out simultaneously:

1. Often remove sick leaves, yellow leaves, and sick fruit, take out the strawberry field for deep burial, reduce diseases and insect pests.

2. Remove new stems often.

3. Combined with harvesting, it is found that there are half red (sunny side) and half green fruits, which can be turned over to promote their uniform ripening.

4. Reduce the field humidity, do not make water after rain, reduce the sick fruit, rotten fruit.

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